carbamazepine

Carbamazepine, sold under the trade name Tegretol, among others, is an anticonvulsant medication used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and neuropathic pain. It is not effective for absence or myoclonic seizures.

lamotrigine

Lamotrigine, sold as the brand name Lamictal among others, is an anticonvulsant medication used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder. For epilepsy, this includes focal seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, and seizures in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

valproate

Valproate (VPA), and its valproic acid, sodium valproate, and valproate semisodium forms, are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and to prevent migraine headaches. They are useful for the prevention of seizures in those with absence seizures, partial seizures, and generalized seizures.

asenapine

Asenapine, sold under the trade names Saphris and Sycrest among others, is an atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia and acute mania associated with bipolar disorder. It was chemically derived via altering the chemical structure of the tetracyclic antidepressant, mianserin. 

Amoxicillin

Amoxicillin is an antibiotic often used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. These include middle ear infection, strep throat, pneumonia, skin infections, and urinary tract infections among others. It is taken by mouth, or less commonly by injection. Common adverse effects include nausea and rash. 

Doxycycline

Doxycycline is an antibiotic used in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria and certain parasites. It is used to treat bacterial pneumonia, acne, chlamydia infections, early Lyme disease, cholera, and syphilis. It is also used to prevent malaria and in combination with quinine, to treat malaria.

Cephalexin

Cefalexin, also spelled cephalexin, is an antibiotic that can treat a number of bacterial infections. It kills gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria by disrupting the growth of the bacterial cell wall. Cefalexin is a beta-lactam antibiotic within the class of first-generation cephalosporins. 

guaifenesin

Guaifenesin, sold under the brand name Mucinex among others, is a medication used to try to help cough out phlegm from the airways. It is unclear if it decreases coughing. Use is not recommended in children less than 6 years old. It is often used in combination with other medications. It is taken by mouth. 

Dextromethorphan guaifenesin

Guaifenesin, sold under the brand name Mucinex among others, is a medication used to try to help cough out phlegm from the airways. It is unclear if it decreases coughing. Use is not recommended in children less than 6 years old. It is often used in combination with other medications. It is taken by mouth. 

Antibiotics, also known as antibacterials, are medications that destroy or slow down the growth of bacteria.

They include a range of powerful drugs and are used to treat diseases caused by bacteria.

Antibiotics cannot treat viral infections, such as cold, flu, and most coughs.

This article will explain what antibiotics are, how they work, any potential side effects, and antibiotic resistance.

Cocaine

Cocaine is a chemical that has both painkilling properties, similar to novacaine, and stimulant properties like adrenalin. The painkilling effects work by blocking the transmission of pain impulses from the nerves to the brain, allowing it to be used as a local anaesthetic. At higher dosages it can even block nerve impulses from the brain to the lungs, so that breathing stops resulting in coma. In contrast, its stimulant action serves to increase the heart rate, the blood pressure and the breathing rate. It also energises the brain to greater alertness, and intensifies the current mood, anger or fear, or agitation (fight-or-flight) and feelings of well-being, riding high and euphoria.

Fentanyl

Fentanyl, also spelled fentanil, is an opioid used as a pain medication and together with other medications for anesthesia. Fentanyl is also used as a recreational drug, often mixed with heroin or cocaine. It has a rapid onset and its effects generally last less than two hours.